Blueberry plants produce delicious edible fruit and the bushes make excellent shrub borders and hedges. There are some fungal diseases that can affect blueberries, including powdery mildew and leaf spot diseases. Leaf spots Annemiek Schilder. Lesions (leaf spots) on leaves infected early in the growing season may later produce spores that can infect berries. Young stems and green fruit can also become infected as the disease progresses. Although a leaf spot disease caused by P. clavispora in China was reported in 2008 (Luan et al., 2008), the pathogens and symptoms of these two leaf spot diseases on blueberry are different according to a comparison of the present study with that of Luan et al. This is a pocket-sized guide for reference in blueberry fields and can be purchased from MSU Extension at shop.msu.edu (Publication E-2928).. Resources Rust fungi cause yellowing and premature drop of leaves, and a characteristic symptom is the appearance of green spots on otherwise yellow leaves, consistent with the image below. The cause is unknown but is suspected to be a form of blueberry leaf rust. production in northeast China has grown remarkably in the last twenty years due to its highly nutritional and economic value.As blueberry acreage increases, the diversity of diseases and challenges for control are gaining more attention. Gloeosporium leaf spot was first described as a stem and leaf fleck disease of blueberry. In such a case, the Image processing techniques has vital role to protect the plant from these diseases. Fungal diseases of blueberry are most commonly caused by organisms that overwinter in infected or dead plant parts on or near a bush. Exobasidium leaf and fruit spot of blueberry, caused by the fungus Exobasidium maculosum, is an emerging disease that has rapidly increased in prevalence throughout the southeastern USA, severely reducing fruit quality in some plantings.The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic diversity of E. “Bill” and Gina Fernandez. differentiating and managing blueberry leaf diseases is presented below. The Red Ringspot virus causes red spots of the tops of blueberry leaves. Figure 3 (right). Emerging diseases caused by fungi are increasing at an alarming rate. Control Summer Blueberry Spots. When the disease is present, it tends to be worse in areas where the bushes are densely planted, so pruning to increase air flow and sunlight penetration can help reduce the severity. Retrieved 15 May 2010. Microcyclospora spp. The most damaging phase of anthracnose in Tennessee is the berry phase. This disease spreads quickly, so it’s best to remove all the infected plants before the virus spreads. Pouzar Sooty blotch Discostroma spp. The first line of disease defense is buying virus-free plants from a nursery that tests its stock regularly. The cause of twig and leaf blight on Kerria japonica is the fungus Blumeriella kerriae. Your best defense is to plant genetically resistant varieties. Silver leaf Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers. The stems, or twigs, are yellow/green in color and turn reddish in winter. Defoliated stems from loss of leaves infected with Valdensinia. Fungicides used to treat Blueberry Diseases: Leafspots: Botrytis Blight: Mummy Berry : benomyl: benomyl, captan: benomyl, captan, triforine: 2 Responses to Blueberry. Symptoms first appear as small reddish flecks on young leaves and stems of succulent shoots. While fungicides can be effective for managing many diseases, they need to be applied at the right time in relation to the life cycle of a pathogen. Annemiek Schilder . L. EAF. Symptoms … It is very difficult to identify a diseased plant to the farmer. The Septoria leaf spot is one of the diseases which affect the plants gradually from top to bottom. Wild, … From eXtension.org: bit.ly/KipVaw. The information presented here about diseases was developed from the publication A Pocket Guide to IPM Scouting in Highbush Blueberries by Annemiek Schilder, Rufus Isaacs, Eric Hanson and Bill Cline. Spots may be cultivar- specific and will usually increase in number over time in a nonuniform, random pattern before causing leaves to fall from the bush. production is expanding into a significant agricultural industry in Florida. The spots, 1/8 to 1/4 inch in diameter, also develop on the upper surfaces of older leaves in mid- to late summer. Small yellow spots develop on the upper surface of leaves. It was first observed in 1997 and has since spread to numerous fields throughout Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and with new observations occurring in Quebec and Maine in 2009. Plants with this disease exhibit a loss of crop; the amount varies with variety. Leaf spot diseases caused by fungi are apparent in some fields this week. An aphid control program will help prevent these blueberry diseases. Valdensinia leaf spots of lowbush blueberry leaves. In early spring to summer, spores from hemlocks (alternate host) are dispersed by wind and infect young blueberry leaves. The disease mainly caused premature defoliation of seedlings that greatly influenced the growth of seedlings. In damp conditions Blumeriella kerriae produces large numbers of asexual spores from each spot/lesion. : Fr.) Alternaria Leaf Spot (Alternaria tenuissima) occurs primarily in the spring during prolonged periods of cool wet weather, when spores are produced in abundance. Red Spots. Blueberry bushes are also susceptible to several common diseases, such as mummy berry, stem canker, stem or twig blights, Botrytis blight and leaf spots. Leaf Diseases of Blueberry. Leaf Spot (fungus – Gloeocercospora inconspicua, ... Other diseases: Other diseases that may occur on blueberry are Phytophthora root rot, powdery mildew, crown gall and ripe rot (fruit rot near maturity). Blueberry Leaf Rust: Is a minor disease of blueberries caused by the rust fungus, Pucciniastrum vaccinia. A. LTERNARIA. Presently constituting approximately 2,100 acres, it is a relatively young, growing, and vibrant commercial industry. Leaf spots are roughly circular with a light gray center and a reddish-purple margin. Hormonema spp. You’ll need to study your blueberry plant’s distinct symptoms and look for any insect activity around the plants to properly diagnose and treat the problem. Retrieved 01 May 2010. Latron B-1956, Latron CS-7) is recommended on the Indar label PHI: 30 days On the berry, individual drupelets become purplish brown and sunken after infection. Leaf and stem flecks do not develop further. They eventually become dry and scabby. In most cases only lower leaves are affected; however, instances do occur when severe infection completely defoliates the plant. Firstly, the species on which leaf spot disease was observed F. RUIT. The fungal disease anthracnose begins as small reddish flecks on the young leaves and tender shoots. The optimum temperature for disease development is 68 degrees F. Spores produced on infected berries can spread the disease to healthy fruit in the same storage containers. Fungicides applied to control fruit rot also should aid in reducing double spot. (2008). Pseudocercospora spp. Valdensinia leaf spot, NEW Disease in Maine Blueberry Fields Figures 1 (left) and 2 (middle). The powdery mildew fungus can cause similar symptoms on both sides of the leaf. Blueberries & Plant Diseases. Blueberry rust (Thekopsora minima) is a fungal disease which infects the leaves and fruit of blueberries and related plants in the Ericaceae plant family.Description. The article discusses control measures. The red spots are most visible in the summer when the leaves turn pale green and the spots appear. Ripe berries shriveling and sporulating on bush Grey-green mycelium . Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) Blueberry is a crown forming, woody, perennial shrub in the family Ericaceae grown for its fruits, or berries, of the same name. The development of Kerria twig and leaf blight is likely to be favoured by wet weather conditions. Although the common name of the disease is “leaf rust”, the disease can also infect the stems and fruit of blueberry plants. Spots will multiply and the leaves will eventually yellow and fall off. The disease causes small, round spots visible on the tops of leaves. Annemiek Schilder . Horticulturalist Jeff Williamson of the University of Florida urges prevention as the best treatment for summer leaf spot diseases. SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT OF BLUEBERRY S. A. Alfieri, Jr.1 Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) General key for leaf symptoms: A. Rhizosphaera spp. The remaining common causes of blueberry leaf spotting are incurable viral diseases such as blueberry shoestring virus or one of the ringspot viruses. The shift away from burn pruning to flail mowing has resulted in an increased reliance on fungicides. Check the size of the spots on the leaves of your blueberry bushes. Infections resulting in postharvest rot typically occur through the stem scar after berries are harvested. No control is recommended unless disease incidence is high. In other cases, the symptoms are very similar to those of anthracnose leaf spot (2c); in fact, disease-causing and saprophytic organisms do opportunistically infect the marginal dead tissue, further confusing accurate identification.
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